Intermediate Lecture Sheet (Finance)

Intermediate Lecture Sheet (Finance):

wdb¨vÝ GÛ e¨vswKs (Aa¨vq: 3q)

A‡_©i mgqg~j¨ (Time Value of Money)

A‡_©i mgqg~j¨ Kx? (What Is Time Value of Money?)

mvaviYfv‡e, mg‡qi cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ A‡_©i g~‡j¨i †h wbqwgZ cwieZ©b nq, Zv‡K A‡_©i mgqg~j¨ ev Time value of Money ejv nq| A_v©r A‡_©i mgqg~j¨ ej‡Z eySvq †h cwigvY A_© AvR‡K cvIqv hvq G g~j¨ wKQzw`b c‡i cÖvß A_© A‡c¶v †ewk| GKB fv‡e fwel¨‡Z cÖvß A_© eZ©gv‡b cÖvß A_© A‡c¶v Kg| GB aviYv‡KB ejv nq A‡_©i mgqg~j¨|

D`vnib: AvR‡Ki 100 UvKv 1 gvm c‡ii 100 UvKv mgvb bq| 1 gvm c‡ii 100 UvKv eZ©gvb 100 UvKv †_‡K Kg n‡e|

 

A‡_©i mgqg~‡j¨i D‡Ïk¨ (Objectives of time value of money)

	1| m¤ú‡`i cÖµZ I mwVK g~j¨ wbY©q Kiv | 2| A‡_©i fwel¨r I eZ©gvb g~j¨ †ei Kiv | 3| wewb‡qvM wm×vš— MÖnY Kiv|  4| SuywK Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ Av‡qi cÖµZ Ae¯’v Dcjwä Kiv|  5| my‡hvM e¨q cwigvc Kiv |  6| g~jab ev‡RwUs wm×vš— MÖn‡Y mnvqZv Kiv|

 

A‡_©i mgqg~‡j¨i Mi“Z¡ (Importance of time value of money)

                 A‡_©i mgqg~‡j¨i Myi“Z¡

1| AwbðqZv

2| my‡hvM e¨q

3| gy`ªvõxwZ

4| ‡fvM

5| FYMÖnY wm×vš—/Decision to take loan                                                                                                                    

mgq †iLv wK?(What is Time Line)

A‡_©i mgq g~j¨‡K hLb GKwU †iLv wP‡Îi gva¨‡g Dc¯’&cb Kiv nq ZLb Zv‡K mgq †iLv ejv nq| Ab¨fv‡e ejv hvq, eZ©gvb I fwel¨r A_© cÖvwß ev cwi‡kv‡ai ZvwjKv †h †iLvi mvnv‡h¨ Dc¯’vcb Kiv nq Zv‡K A‡_©i mgq †iLv ev Time Line ejv nq|

D`vniY: GKRb e¨w³ GKwU e¨vs‡K (FSIBL) 1g eQ‡i 2000 UvKv, 2q eQ‡i 3000 UvKv, 3q eQ‡i 4000 UvKv, 4_© eQ‡i 5000 UvKv Ges 5g eQ‡i 6000 UvKv Rgv iv‡L| hw` my‡`i nvi 10% nq Z‡e 5 eQi ci Zvi KZ UvKv Rgv n‡e?

 

A_© mgq g~‡j¨i aviYv (Concept of Time value of money                                    

A_© mgq g~‡j¨i `ywU w`K Av‡Q| †m¸‡jv nj--1| eZ©gvb g~j¨ (Present Value)

                          2| fwel¨r g~j¨ (Future Value)

1| eZ©gvb g~j¨ (Present Value): fwel¨‡Z cÖvß UvKvi AvR‡Ki ev eZ©gvb mg‡qi †h g~j¨ Zv‡K eZ©gvb g~j¨ e‡j| eZ©gvb g~j¨‡K evÆvKiY wn‡m‡e AwfwnZ Kiv nq|

2| fwel¨r g~j¨ (Future Value): eZ©gv‡b wewb‡qvMµZ A‡_©i fwel¨‡Z ev wbw`©ó mgq c‡i g~j¨‡K fwel¨Z g~j¨ e‡j| fwel¨Z g~j¨‡K Pµe„w× g~j¨ (Compounding Value) ev cÖwš—K g~j¨ (Terminal value) ejv nq|  

A‡_©i eZ©gvb g~j¨ wbY©‡qi cÖwµqv (Process of Calculation of Present Value)

eZ©gvb g~j¨ wbY©‡qi wbqg: 1| cª_‡g fwel¨Z g~j¨ KZ Av‡Q Zv wPwüZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

                  2| Zvici my‡`i nvi hZ % _vK‡e Zv †`L‡Z n‡e|

                   3| eQ‡ii msL¨v m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ n‡Z n‡e|

                  4| Zvici eZ©gvb g~j¨ wbY©‡qi m~‡Î gvb emv‡Z n‡e|

D`vniY-1: b‡jR Mv‡W©‡bi QvÎ BqvwQb AvivdvZ 2 eQi c‡i H.S.C cvm Kivi ci BBA co‡Z BGC Trust University Bangladesh G fwZ© n‡Z Pvq| wKš‘ BBA ‡Z fwZ© wdm nj 10,300 UvKv| 2 eQi c‡i GB UvKv GKmv‡_ †c‡Z PvB‡j Z‡e eZ©gv‡b Zv‡K KZ UvKv Rgv ivL‡Z n‡e? hw` e¨vs‡Ki my‡`i nvi 12% nq|  

                                                 = 20003.7908                                                                                                                                                           

D`vniY-2: Squire ‡Kv¤úvbx wjwg‡UW GKwU cÖK‡í 5,000 UvKv wewb‡qvM K‡i‡Q| wewb‡qvM cÖKí n‡Z AvMvgx 5 eQ‡i cÖvß bM` cÖev‡ni cwigvY wb‡P †`Iqv nj:

eQi	bM` cÖevn
1 2 3 4 5	1000 1300 1500 1600 2000

hw` Squire ‡Kv¤úvbx wjwg‡UW Gi evÆvi nvi 10% n‡j Dc‡iv³ Avš—:cÖevn¸‡jvi eZ©gvb g~j¨ KZ? 

hw` my‡`i cwigvY eQ‡i GKvwaKevi MYbv Kiv nq ZLb wewfbœ m~Î e¨eüZ nq †hgb:

D`vniY 3: b‡jR Mv‡W©‡bi QvÎx Kzmyg I Zvm‡bvfv wdb¨vÝ K¬v‡m gbmyi m¨vi †_‡K Rvb‡Z PvBj †h, eZ©gv‡b Zviv hw` 1,00,000 UvKv dv÷© wmwKDwiwU Bmjvgx e¨vs‡K Rgv ivL‡j 5 eQi ci H Rgv UvKv KZ UvKv n‡e hw` e¨vsK 12.5% my` cÖ`vb K‡i? 

1| mvaviY evwl©Kx (Ordinary Annuity): )

‡h evwl©Kx e„wËi bM` cÖevn cÖwZ eQi †k‡l, gv‡mi †k‡l ev wKw¯—i †k‡l MÖnb Kiv nq ev Rgv †`Iqv nq Z‡e Zv‡K mvaviY evwl©Kx ejv nq| GwU eZ©gvb ev fwel¨Z g~‡j¨i †¶‡ÎI n‡Z cv‡i| 
‡Z n‡e|